India’s military action, termed “Operation Sindoor,” targeted areas including Kotli, Muzaffarabad, and Bahawalpur. The Indian government stated that these strikes were aimed at dismantling terrorist infrastructure linked to the Pahalgam attack, which they attributed to Pakistan-based militant groups, notably Lashkar-e-Taiba and The Resistance Front.
Indian officials described the strikes as “measured” and “non-escalatory,” emphasizing their focus on militant targets. However, reports indicate significant civilian casualties, with at least eight people killed and 35 injured, including women and children.
Pakistan’s Response: Condemnation and Retaliation
Pakistan condemned the Indian strikes as an “unprovoked and blatant act of war,” asserting that the attacks violated its sovereignty and targeted civilian areas. In response, Pakistan claimed to have downed five Indian fighter jets and launched counter-strikes, including the destruction of an Indian brigade headquarters.
The Pakistani government declared a state of emergency in Punjab province and convened national security meetings to address the escalating situation. Additionally, Pakistan closed its airspace to Indian aircraft and suspended critical agreements, such as the Indus Waters Treaty and the Shimla Agreement.
International Reactions: Calls for Restraint
The international community expressed deep concern over the escalating conflict. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres and U.S. officials urged both nations to exercise restraint and avoid further escalation. The crisis has raised fears of a broader conflict between the two nuclear-armed neighbors.
Background: The Pahalgam Attack
The current crisis was triggered by a terrorist attack on April 22, 2025, in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, where 26 Indian civilians were killed. The Resistance Front, an offshoot of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba, claimed responsibility for the attack. India accused Pakistan of supporting the militants, leading to a rapid deterioration in bilateral relations.
Conclusion: A Fragile Situation
The situation remains volatile, with both India and Pakistan engaging in military actions and diplomatic retaliations. The international community continues to monitor the developments closely, emphasizing the need for dialogue and de-escalation to prevent a full-scale conflict.
